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java序列號和反序列化

錢艷冰1年前6瀏覽0評論

Java序列化是將Java對象轉(zhuǎn)換成字節(jié)序列的過程,該過程可以將對象保存到硬盤或網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,方便后續(xù)讀取和傳輸。Java反序列化是將字節(jié)序列還原成Java對象的過程,反序列化可以從文件或網(wǎng)絡(luò)中讀取數(shù)據(jù)并還原成Java對象。

// Java序列化示例代碼
public class Employee implements Serializable{
public String name;
public String address;
public transient int SSN;
public int number;
public void mailCheck(){
System.out.println("Mailing a check to " + name + " " + address);
}
}
public class SerializeDemo {
public static void main(String [] args) {
Employee e = new Employee();
e.name = "Jack";
e.address = "Address123";
e.SSN = 123456;
e.number = 101;
try {
FileOutputStream fileOut =
new FileOutputStream("/tmp/employee.ser");
ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOut);
out.writeObject(e);
out.close();
fileOut.close();
System.out.println("Serialized data is saved in /tmp/employee.ser");
} catch (IOException i) {
i.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

上述代碼中,Employee類實現(xiàn)了Serializable接口,表示該類可以序列化。在SerializeDemo類的main方法中,創(chuàng)建了一個Employee對象,并將該對象序列化保存到文件中。ObjectOutputStream類用于將對象轉(zhuǎn)換成字節(jié)流,并寫入到文件中。

// Java反序列化示例代碼
public class DeserializeDemo {
public static void main(String [] args) {
Employee e = null;
try {
FileInputStream fileIn = new FileInputStream("/tmp/employee.ser");
ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(fileIn);
e = (Employee) in.readObject();
in.close();
fileIn.close();
} catch (IOException i) {
i.printStackTrace();
return;
} catch (ClassNotFoundException c) {
System.out.println("Employee class not found");
c.printStackTrace();
return;
}
System.out.println("Deserialized Employee...");
System.out.println("Name: " + e.name);
System.out.println("Address: " + e.address);
System.out.println("SSN: " + e.SSN);
System.out.println("Number: " + e.number);
}
}

上述代碼中,創(chuàng)建了一個Employee對象,并使用ObjectInputStream類將保存在文件中的字節(jié)流反序列化還原成Employee對象。在try-catch語句塊中可以處理異常,最后再輸出反序列化后的Employee對象,顯示該對象的各個屬性值。

Java序列化和反序列化是Java編程中常用的工具,在分布式系統(tǒng)和Web應(yīng)用程序中有廣泛的應(yīng)用。開發(fā)者應(yīng)該注意序列化和反序列化的性能和安全問題,同時避免在序列化過程中意外暴露敏感信息。