在MySQL中，有一些被稱為保留字和關鍵字的特殊單詞，在使用SQL命令進行操作時需要注意這些單詞的使用。

保留字是指被MySQL保留為特殊用途的單詞，不能用作表名、列名或其他標識符。以下是MySQL中常用的保留字：

ADD     ALL      ALTER    AND      AS
ASC     AVG      BETWEEN  BY       CHAR
COLUMN  COUNT    CREATE   DATABASE DECIMAL
DEFAULT DELETE   DESC     DISTINCT DROP
ELSE    END      ESCAPE   EXISTS   FALSE
FROM    GROUP    HAVING   IN       INDEX
INNER   INSERT   INTO     IS       JOIN
KEY     LEFT     LIKE     LIMIT    MAX
MIN     NOT      NULL     ON       OR
ORDER   OUTER    PRIMARY  PROCEDURE REFER
RIGHT   SELECT   SET      TABLE    TRUE
UNION   UNIQUE   UPDATE   VALUES   WHERE

關鍵字是指在某個SQL命令中具有特定含義的單詞。以下是MySQL中常用的關鍵字：

SELECT  FROM     WHERE    DISTINCT ORDER BY
GROUP BY  HAVING   LIMIT    AS      INNER JOIN
LEFT JOIN RIGHT JOIN OUTER JOIN   FULL JOIN
ON      IS NULL  LIKE     IN      BETWEEN
CASE    WHEN     THEN     ELSE    END
NOT     AND      OR       XOR     IN
ANY     ALL      EXISTS   NULLIF  COALESCE
CASE WHEN THEN ELSE END     CAST    SUM
COUNT   AVG      MIN      MAX     YEAR
MONTH   DAY      HOUR     MINUTE  SECOND

使用保留字和關鍵字作為標識符會導致語法錯誤，因此在創建表、定義列名等情況下，應當避免使用這些單詞。