sql如何查詢明細賬及月計累計?
其實這個是個很基礎的知識。
如下示例:
DDL:
CREATE TABLE `tbl_fin` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `fin_date` date DEFAULT NULL, `TrueName` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, `Money` decimal(10,2) unsigned DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;插入一堆測試數(shù)據:
INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (1, '2018-01-01', '小明', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (2, '2018-01-01', '小明', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (3, '2018-01-01', '小明', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (4, '2018-01-02', '小明', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (5, '2018-01-03', '小明', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (6, '2018-01-05', '小紅', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (7, '2018-01-06', '小紅', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (8, '2018-01-08', '小紅', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (9, '2018-02-08', '小紅', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (10, '2018-03-08', '小紅', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (11, '2018-04-08', '小紅', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (12, '2018-05-08', '小紅', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (13, '2018-06-08', '小紅', 100.00);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (14, '2018-06-08', '小明', 3.40);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (15, '2018-06-08', '小明', 398.49);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (16, '2018-06-08', '小明', 982.24);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (17, '2018-06-08', '小明', 715.72);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (18, '2018-05-08', '小明', 631.88);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (19, '2018-05-08', '小明', 12.25);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (20, '2018-05-08', '小明', 165.59);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (21, '2018-05-08', '小明', 791.23);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (22, '2018-04-08', '小明', 459.35);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (23, '2018-04-08', '小明', 923.06);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (24, '2018-04-08', '小明', 237.28);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (25, '2018-03-08', '小明', 417.18);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (26, '2018-03-08', '小明', 374.10);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (27, '2018-03-08', '小明', 618.93);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (28, '2018-03-08', '小明', 972.37);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (29, '2018-02-08', '小明', 5.04);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (30, '2018-02-08', '小明', 108.08);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (31, '2018-02-08', '小明', 525.31);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (32, '2018-01-08', '小明', 302.32);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (33, '2018-01-08', '小明', 935.65);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (34, '2018-01-08', '小明', 771.28);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (35, '2018-01-09', '小明', 49.48);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (36, '2018-01-09', '小紅', 933.54);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (37, '2018-01-09', '小紅', 519.26);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (38, '2018-01-09', '小紅', 795.69);INSERT INTO `tbl_fin` VALUES (39, '2018-01-09', '小紅', 420.67);然后可以進入主題了。
獲取明細賬:1、根據某用戶獲取某月流水賬內容:
假設某用戶等于“小明”,某月等于“2018-01”。
SELECT * FROM tbl_fin WHERE TrueName = '小明' AND DATE_FORMAT(fin_date,'%Y-%m') = '2018-01' ORDER BY fin_date ASC其中,
TrueName = '小明'表示篩選記錄中TrueName為小明的記錄
DATE_FORMAT(fin_date,'%Y-%m') 的意思是格式化fin_date的日期格式,輸出為YYYY-mm
ORDER BY fin_date ASC 意思是記錄根據fin_date從小到大排序。
獲取的結果就是小明再2018年01月的明細賬。
第二、就是月累計賬:假設需要獲取“小明”的每月賬單。
SELECT TrueName,SUM(Money) as Money,DATE_FORMAT(fin_date,'%Y-%m') as dateMonth FROM tbl_fin WHERE TrueName = '小明' GROUP BY CONCAT(TrueName,DATE_FORMAT(fin_date,'%Y-%m')) ORDER BY dateMonth ASCSUM(Money) as Money, 的意思是統(tǒng)計(加)Money的總金額,
DATE_FORMAT(fin_date,'%Y-%m') as dateMonth ,把日期格式化為年月的形式
GROUP BY CONCAT(TrueName,DATE_FORMAT(fin_date,'%Y-%m')) 這里需要拆開來理解,
1、CONCAT(TrueName,DATE_FORMAT(fin_date,'%Y-%m')) 意思是把TrueName和年月日進行字符合并。
2、GROUP BY 意思是根據這個進行分組統(tǒng)計。
得出的結果就是小明每月累計的賬單情況:
上面只是一個初步的SQL教程,測試環(huán)境是MYSQL 5.5.47,SQL Server的寫法有所不同。
另外正常情況下,一般用于統(tǒng)計或篩選的,建議加上索引。特別是財務的統(tǒng)計計算。