OCI是Oracle公司開發的一種操作系統類庫,可以在不同的平臺上連接Oracle數據庫。本文主要介紹如何使用OCI連接Oracle數據庫。
在使用OCI連接Oracle數據庫之前,我們需要先了解OCI的一些基本概念和使用方法。OCI提供了一系列API函數,通過這些函數可以建立和管理與Oracle數據庫的連接,執行SQL語句,處理結果集等操作。下面是一個使用OCI連接Oracle數據庫的示例代碼:
#include#include void checkerr(OCIError *err, sword status) { text errbuf[512]; sb4 errcode = 0; if (status == OCI_SUCCESS) return; switch (status) { case OCI_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO: printf("Error - OCI_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO\n"); break; case OCI_NEED_DATA: printf("Error - OCI_NEED_DATA\n"); break; case OCI_NO_DATA: printf("Error - OCI_NO_DATA\n"); break; case OCI_ERROR: OCIErrorGet((dvoid *)err, (ub4)1, (text *)NULL, &errcode, errbuf, (ub4)sizeof(errbuf), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR); printf("Error - %s\n", errbuf); break; case OCI_INVALID_HANDLE: printf("Error - OCI_INVALID_HANDLE\n"); break; case OCI_STILL_EXECUTING: printf("Error - OCI_STILL_EXECUTING\n"); break; case OCI_CONTINUE: printf("Error - OCI_CONTINUE\n"); break; default: break; } } int main() { OCIEnv *envhp; OCIError *errhp; OCISvcCtx *svchp; OCIServer *srvhp; OCISession *authp; sword status; OCIInitialize((ub4) OCI_OBJECT | OCI_THREADED, (dvoid *)0, (dvoid * (*)(dvoid *, size_t)) 0, (dvoid * (*)(dvoid *, dvoid *, size_t))0, (void (*)(dvoid *, dvoid *)) 0 ); OCIEnvInit(&envhp, OCI_OBJECT); OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0); OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0); OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0); OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0); status = OCIServerAttach(srvhp, errhp, (text *)""); checkerr(errhp, status); OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (dvoid *)srvhp, (ub4) 0, OCI_ATTR_SERVER, errhp); status = OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (dvoid *)"username", (ub4) strlen("username"), OCI_ATTR_USERNAME, errhp); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (dvoid *)"password", (ub4) strlen("password"), OCI_ATTR_PASSWORD, errhp); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCISessionBegin(svchp, errhp, authp, OCI_CRED_RDBMS, OCI_DEFAULT); checkerr(errhp, status); OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (dvoid *)authp, (ub4) 0, OCI_ATTR_SESSION, errhp); // 執行SQL語句 status = OCISessionEnd(svchp, errhp, authp, OCI_DEFAULT); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCIServerDetach(srvhp, errhp, OCI_DEFAULT); checkerr(errhp, status); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhp, OCI_HTYPE_ENV); return 0; }
以上代碼中的幾個重要函數包括:
- OCIInitialize: 初始化OCI環境
- OCIEnvInit: 初始化OCI環境句柄
- OCIHandleAlloc: 分配OCI句柄
- OCIServerAttach: 連接Oracle數據庫
- OCISessionBegin: 開始會話
- OCIAttrSet: 設置OCI屬性
- OCISessionEnd: 結束會話
- OCIServerDetach: 斷開與Oracle數據庫的連接
- OCIHandleFree: 釋放OCI句柄
通過這些函數的使用,可以實現與Oracle數據庫的連接和操作。
綜上所述,OCI是一種強大的數據庫連接庫,可以在不同平臺上連接Oracle數據庫,并提供豐富的API函數用于數據庫的管理和操作。在使用OCI時,需要先了解一些基本概念和使用方法,然后根據具體的需求進行編程。
上一篇ajax中回調函數的用法
下一篇python畫螺旋矩陣