Java模擬生產(chǎn)者和消費者是一個非常經(jīng)典的多線程編程問題。生產(chǎn)者負責生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)并將其添加到一個共享隊列中，消費者則從隊列中獲取數(shù)據(jù)并進行處理。以下是使用Java多線程實現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)者和消費者的示例代碼：

public class Producer implements Runnable {
private final Queuequeue;
private final int maxSize;
public Producer(Queuequeue, int maxSize) {
this.queue = queue;
this.maxSize = maxSize;
}
@Override
public void run() {
int i = 0;
while (true) {
synchronized (queue) {
while (queue.size() == maxSize) {
try {
System.out.println("隊列已滿，生產(chǎn)者線程等待");
queue.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("生產(chǎn)者線程向隊列中加入了數(shù)據(jù)" + i);
queue.offer(i++);
queue.notifyAll();
}
}
}
}
public class Consumer implements Runnable {
private final Queuequeue;
public Consumer(Queuequeue) {
this.queue = queue;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
synchronized (queue) {
while (queue.isEmpty()) {
try {
System.out.println("隊列為空，消費者線程等待");
queue.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
int x = queue.poll();
System.out.println("消費者線程從隊列中取出了數(shù)據(jù)" + x);
queue.notifyAll();
}
}
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Queuequeue = new LinkedList<>();
int maxSize = 10;
Producer producer = new Producer(queue, maxSize);
Consumer consumer = new Consumer(queue);
Thread producerThread = new Thread(producer);
Thread consumerThread = new Thread(consumer);
producerThread.start();
consumerThread.start();
}
}

以上代碼中使用了一個共享的隊列來模擬生產(chǎn)者和消費者之間的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。當隊列滿時，生產(chǎn)者線程會調(diào)用wait()方法進行等待；當隊列為空時，消費者線程會調(diào)用wait()方法進行等待。當隊列有更新時，生產(chǎn)者和消費者線程都會調(diào)用notifyAll()方法來通知等待中的線程。