Python是一種非常強(qiáng)大的編程語(yǔ)言,它在數(shù)據(jù)可視化方面有著豐富的優(yōu)勢(shì)。其中畫(huà)復(fù)雜循環(huán)圖也是Python的一個(gè)高級(jí)應(yīng)用。以下是Python實(shí)現(xiàn)畫(huà)復(fù)雜循環(huán)圖的步驟:
# 導(dǎo)入必要的庫(kù) import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np # 定義循環(huán)次數(shù)和內(nèi)圓半徑 n = 5 inner_radius = 0.5 # 定義多邊形點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo) polygon_vertices = np.zeros(shape=(n, 2)) for i in range(n): angle = 2*np.pi*i/n polygon_vertices[i] = (np.cos(angle), np.sin(angle)) # 定義各邊的頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo) line_vertices = np.zeros(shape=(2*n, 2)) for i in range(n): line_vertices[2*i] = polygon_vertices[i] line_vertices[2*i+1] = polygon_vertices[(i+1)%n] # 畫(huà)圖 fig, ax = plt.subplots() ax.set_aspect('equal') ax.axis('off') ax.fill(polygon_vertices[:,0], polygon_vertices[:,1], facecolor='w', linewidth=2, edgecolor='black') ax.plot(line_vertices[:,0], line_vertices[:,1], linewidth=2, color='black') # 畫(huà)循環(huán)圓 for i in range(n): angle = 2*np.pi*i/n x = inner_radius*np.cos(angle) y = inner_radius*np.sin(angle) ax.add_patch(plt.Circle(polygon_vertices[i], inner_radius, facecolor='w', linewidth=2, edgecolor='black')) ax.plot([x, polygon_vertices[i][0]], [y, polygon_vertices[i][1]], linewidth=2, color='black') plt.show()
在代碼中,由于需要通過(guò)坐標(biāo)來(lái)定義圖形,因此首先需要定義多邊形點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)以及各邊的頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo),然后就可以通過(guò)matplotlib庫(kù)來(lái)畫(huà)圖。其中,fill()函數(shù)用于填充多邊形區(qū)域,plot()函數(shù)用于畫(huà)邊,add_patch()函數(shù)用于畫(huà)循環(huán)圓。最后通過(guò)show()函數(shù)來(lái)顯示圖形。