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c 查詢 oracle

劉柏宏1年前8瀏覽0評論

在C語言中,與Oracle數據庫交互是一項至關重要的技能。無論是企業級應用程序還是小型網站,都需要從數據庫中檢索數據。這就需要使用C語言編程訪問Oracle數據庫。下面我們將詳細說明如何使用C語言進行Oracle數據庫查詢。

在Oracle數據庫查詢中,我們需要使用OCI(Oracle Call Interface)庫。OCI庫是一組可用于在Oracle數據庫中執行SQL語句的函數和過程。這個庫應該在開發計算機上安裝有Oracle客戶端的計算機上使用。下面是一些常用的OCI函數:

OCIInitialize()
OCIHandleAlloc()
OCILogon()
OCIStmtPrepare()
OCIStmtExecute()
OCIStmtFetch()
OCIStmtGetPieceInfo()
OCIDefineByPos()
OCIAttrGet()
OCIErrorGet()

舉個例子,下面是使用OCI執行Oracle數據庫查詢的示例C代碼:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <oci.h>
int main() {
OCIEnv *envhp;
OCIError *errhp;
OCISvcCtx *svchp;
OCIStmt *stmthp;
OCIDefine *defhp;
ub2 status;
sword rc;
char user[21] = "username"; 
char pass[21] = "password";
char db[15] = "database";
char sql[50] = "SELECT * FROM customers";
int id;
char name[50];
float balance;
rc = OCIInitialize(OCI_OBJECT, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
rc = OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *) NULL, (dvoid **) &envhp, OCI_HTYPE_ENV, 0, (dvoid **) NULL);
rc = OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *) envhp, (dvoid **) &errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, 0, (dvoid **) NULL);
rc = OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *) envhp, (dvoid **) &svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, 0, (dvoid **) NULL);
rc = OCILogon(envhp, errhp, &svchp, (OraText *) user, strlen(user), (OraText *) pass, strlen(pass), (OraText *) db, strlen(db));
rc = OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *) envhp, (dvoid **) &stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, 0, (dvoid **) NULL);
rc = OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (OraText *) sql, strlen(sql), (ub4) OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT);
rc = OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, (ub4) 0, (ub4) 0, NULL, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT);
rc = OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, (OCIDefine **) &defhp, errhp, (ub4) 1, (dvoid *) &id, (sb4) sizeof(int), SQLT_INT, (dvoid *) NULL, (ub2 *) 0, (ub2 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT);
rc = OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, (OCIDefine **) &defhp, errhp, (ub4) 2, (dvoid *) name, (sb4) sizeof(name), SQLT_STR, (dvoid *) NULL, (ub2 *) 0, (ub2 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT);
rc = OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, (OCIDefine **) &defhp, errhp, (ub4) 3, (dvoid *) &balance, (sb4) sizeof(float), SQLT_FLT, (dvoid *) NULL, (ub2 *) 0, (ub2 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT);
while((rc = OCIStmtFetch(stmthp, errhp, (ub4) 1, OCI_FETCH_NEXT, OCI_DEFAULT)) != OCI_NO_DATA) {
printf("%d, %s, %f\n", id, name, balance);
}
rc = OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);
rc = OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX);
rc = OCILogoff(envhp, errhp);
rc = OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
rc = OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) envhp, OCI_HTYPE_ENV);
return 0;
}

上述代碼將從名為“customer”的表中獲取所有記錄,打印出每個記錄的ID,客戶姓名和余額,然后關閉連接。注意,在使用OCI庫時,一定要注意使用正確的OCI版本。

在總結中,在C語言中訪問Oracle數據庫是一項不可或缺的技能。使用OCI庫可以輕松地執行SQL語句,并從Oracle數據庫中檢索所需的信息。我們希望本文可以幫助您更好地了解如何使用C編程語言查詢Oracle數據庫。如果您有任何問題或建議,請在下方留言。