Python是一門高級編程語言，它被廣泛用于各種領(lǐng)域，包括網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信。為了方便Python程序員進(jìn)行通信操作，Python社區(qū)開發(fā)了許多通信相關(guān)的包。

以下是一些常用的Python通信相關(guān)包：

import socket
import serial
import pyserial
import paho-mqtt
import requests
import websocket

其中，socket是Python內(nèi)置的套接字通信包，可用于實現(xiàn)TCP/UDP等協(xié)議的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信。

# TCP服務(wù)端
import socket
host = '127.0.0.1'
port = 8888
server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server.bind((host, port))
server.listen(5)
while True:
conn, addr = server.accept()
data = conn.recv(1024)
print('Received from client:', data.decode())
conn.sendall('Hello, client!'.encode())
conn.close()

serial和pyserial是用于串行通信的Python包。

import serial
ser = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyUSB0', 9600)
while True:
data = ser.readline()
print(data.decode())

paho-mqtt是Python的MQTT客戶端庫，可用于實現(xiàn)MQTT協(xié)議的通信。

import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
print('Connected with result code', rc)
client.subscribe('test')
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
print(msg.topic + ' ' + str(msg.payload.decode()))
client = mqtt.Client()
client.on_connect = on_connect
client.on_message = on_message
client.connect('mqtt.eclipse.org', 1883, 60)
client.loop_forever()

requests是Python的HTTP客戶端庫，可用于實現(xiàn)HTTP協(xié)議的通信。

import requests
url = 'http://httpbin.org/get'
params = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}
response = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)
print(response.status_code)
print(response.text)

websocket是Python的WebSocket客戶端庫，可用于實現(xiàn)WebSocket協(xié)議的通信。

import websocket
def on_message(ws, message):
print(message)
def on_error(ws, error):
print(error)
def on_close(ws):
print('### closed ###')
def on_open(ws):
ws.send('Hello, server!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
websocket.enableTrace(True)
ws = websocket.WebSocketApp('ws://echo.websocket.org/',
on_open=on_open,
on_message=on_message,
on_error=on_error,
on_close=on_close)
ws.run_forever()

以上是Python常用的通信相關(guān)包，通過這些包，Python程序員可以輕松實現(xiàn)各種通信操作。