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hive解析json最底層

Hive解析JSON是一項(xiàng)核心功能,因?yàn)樗梢源蟠蠛?jiǎn)化處理Semi-Structured Data的過程。在Hive中,JSON格式的數(shù)據(jù)可以通過內(nèi)置的函數(shù)和外部庫(kù)(如JsonSerDe)處理。然而,當(dāng)需要深入JSON數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)中取出數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),就需要深入到最底層了。本文將介紹如何在Hive中解析最底層的JSON數(shù)據(jù)。

{"customer":
{"id":"123",
"name":"John Doe",
"orders":
[{"id":"1",
"product":"Apple",
"price":0.5},
{"id":"2",
"product":"Banana",
"price":0.3}]
}
}

假設(shè)我們有一個(gè)如上所示的JSON數(shù)據(jù),我們希望從中提取出所有訂單的價(jià)格。首先,我們需要用Lateral View和Explode函數(shù)將orders數(shù)組展開:

SELECT orders.price
FROM mytable
LATERAL VIEW explode(customer.orders) exploded_orders AS orders;

現(xiàn)在,我們已經(jīng)獲取了所有訂單的價(jià)格數(shù)據(jù)。但是,我們還需要從中提取出最底層的JSON數(shù)據(jù),即{"id":"1","product":"Apple","price":0.5}和{"id":"2","product":"Banana","price":0.3}。這可以通過JsonTuple函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn):

SELECT parsed_order['id'], parsed_order['product'], parsed_order['price']
FROM (SELECT get_json_object(exploded_orders, '$') exploded_order
FROM (SELECT to_json_string(orders) exploded_orders
FROM mytable
LATERAL VIEW explode(customer.orders) exploded_orders AS orders) exploded_orders) exploded_json
LATERAL VIEW json_tuple(exploded_json.exploded_order, 'id', 'product', 'price') parsed_order;

JsonTuple函數(shù)可以將JSON字符串解析成鍵值對(duì)的形式。通過將JsonTuple嵌套在Lateral View中,我們可以在每一行中提取出一條訂單的最底層數(shù)據(jù)。最后的結(jié)果如下:

"id"  "product"   "price"
"1"   "Apple"     0.5
"2"   "Banana"    0.3

通過這種方式,我們可以更多地了解Hive如何解析JSON數(shù)據(jù),尤其是最底層的數(shù)據(jù)。這對(duì)于處理Semi-Structured Data是非常有用的。