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gson解析json字符串Java

Gson是Google提供的一個(gè)用于處理JSON數(shù)據(jù)的Java庫,它可以把JSON字符串與Java對(duì)象之間進(jìn)行互相轉(zhuǎn)換。

使用Gson解析JSON字符串的過程可以分為三步:

  1. 創(chuàng)建Gson對(duì)象
  2. Gson gson = new Gson();
  3. 將JSON字符串轉(zhuǎn)換成Java對(duì)象
  4. String jsonString = "{ \"name\": \"Tom\", \"age\": 18 }";
    Person person = gson.fromJson(jsonString, Person.class);
  5. 將Java對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換成JSON字符串
  6. Person person = new Person("Jerry", 20);
    String jsonString = gson.toJson(person);

其中,第二步的解析需要指定一個(gè)Java類,Gson會(huì)通過反射機(jī)制自動(dòng)將JSON字符串映射到該類的屬性中。

例如,對(duì)于下面的JSON字符串:

{
"name": "Alice",
"age": 25,
"address": {
"city": "Beijing",
"street": "123 Main St."
},
"phoneNumbers": [
"123456789",
"987654321"
]
}

可以定義如下Java類:

public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
private Address address;
private ListphoneNumbers;
// getters and setters
}
public class Address {
private String city;
private String street;
// getters and setters
}

然后使用以下代碼解析:

String jsonString = "..."; // 上述JSON字符串
Person person = gson.fromJson(jsonString, Person.class);

這時(shí),person對(duì)象的屬性值如下:

  • name: "Alice"
  • age: 25
  • address: 包含citystreet兩個(gè)屬性的Address對(duì)象
  • phoneNumbers: 包含兩個(gè)元素的List對(duì)象,分別為"123456789"和"987654321"