JSON是一種輕量級的數據交換格式，用于在客戶端和服務器之間傳輸數據。它由鍵值對構成，其中鍵必須是字符串，值可以是任何有效的JSON數據類型，包括字符串、數字、布爾值、數組、對象、null。JSON可以使用JavaScript對象表示法（JSON）語法來編寫。以下是一個JSON示例：

{
"name": "Tom",
"age": 25,
"isMale": true,
"hobbies": ["reading", "swimming"],
"address": {
"street": "1st Avenue",
"city": "New York",
"country": "USA"
},
"phoneNumbers": [
{ "type": "home", "number": "123-456-7890" },
{ "type": "work", "number": "987-654-3210" }
]
}

相比之下，文本是一種人類可讀的數據。文本可以包含郵件、官方文件、網站內容等。文本可以用各種編碼方式進行編碼，包括ASCII、Unicode和UTF-8等。以下是一個文本示例：

Dear Tom,
I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to inform you that your application for the position of software engineer has been approved. Congratulations!
Please find attached the employment contract, which includes details on your salary, benefits, and start date. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Best regards,
John Smith
HR Manager