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mysql查詢當(dāng)前事務(wù)的鎖

在MySQL中,事務(wù)控制的一個(gè)重要方面就是鎖定機(jī)制。在并發(fā)操作的環(huán)境中,鎖可以防止多個(gè)進(jìn)程同時(shí)訪問(wèn)同一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)塊,保證了數(shù)據(jù)的一致性和完整性。在MySQL中,可以使用LOCK TABLES語(yǔ)句來(lái)鎖定事務(wù)中的表,也可以使用SELECT語(yǔ)句的FOR UPDATE子句來(lái)鎖定查詢到的行。

在實(shí)際開(kāi)發(fā)中,我們可能需要查詢當(dāng)前事務(wù)中的鎖信息。MySQL提供了如下兩個(gè)語(yǔ)句來(lái)查詢鎖狀態(tài):

SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS;
SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_LOCKS;

其中,第一個(gè)語(yǔ)句會(huì)返回當(dāng)前事務(wù)中的鎖狀態(tài),包括鎖定的表名、鎖定類型、鎖定狀態(tài)等信息;第二個(gè)語(yǔ)句會(huì)返回當(dāng)前事務(wù)中所有鎖信息。

下面是一個(gè)關(guān)于查詢當(dāng)前事務(wù)中的鎖狀態(tài)的示例:

BEGIN;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 1 FOR UPDATE;
SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS;
COMMIT;

在上面的示例中,我們使用了SELECT ... FOR UPDATE語(yǔ)句來(lái)鎖定查詢到的行。通過(guò)SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS語(yǔ)句,我們可以看到如下信息:

...
------------------------
LATEST DETECTED DEADLOCK
------------------------
...
------------
TRANSACTIONS
------------
...
Trx id counter 91960
Purge done for trx's n:o< 91957 undo n:o< 0 state: running but idle
History list length 885
LIST OF TRANSACTIONS FOR EACH SESSION:
---TRANSACTION 91959, ACTIVE 7 sec fetching rows
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 376, 1 row lock(s)
MySQL thread id 3, OS thread handle 123145373939200, query id 75 127.0.0.1 root searching rows for update
SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 1 FOR UPDATE
------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 7 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:
RECORD LOCKS space id 489 page no 3 n bits 72 index PRIMARY of table `test`.`users` trx id 91959 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting
Record lock, heap no 2 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 5; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 4; hex 80000001; asc     ;;
1: len 6; hex 00000000016e; asc      n;;
2: len 7; hex 40000000010110; asc @       ;;
3: len 4; hex 80000000; asc     ;;
4: len 4; hex 80000000; asc     ;;
------------------
---TRANSACTION 91958, ACTIVE 9 sec
2 lock struct(s), heap size 376, 1 row lock(s)
MySQL thread id 2, OS thread handle 123145373799680, query id 76 127.0.0.1 root updating
UPDATE users SET name = 'test2' WHERE id = 2
------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 9 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:
RECORD LOCKS space id 489 page no 3 n bits 72 index PRIMARY of table `test`.`users` trx id 91958 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting
Record lock, heap no 2 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 5; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 4; hex 80000001; asc     ;;
1: len 6; hex 00000000016e; asc      n;;
2: len 7; hex 40000000010110; asc @       ;;
3: len 4; hex 80000000; asc     ;;
4: len 4; hex 80000000; asc     ;;
...

在上面的信息中,我們看到了當(dāng)前事務(wù)的鎖狀態(tài),以及每個(gè)鎖的詳細(xì)信息,包括鎖定的表名、鎖定類型、鎖定狀態(tài)等。通過(guò)這些信息,我們可以更好地了解MySQL的鎖機(jī)制,從而更好地設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)應(yīng)用程序。